A participação dos municípios brasileiros nas políticas públicas para transição energética: um olhar a partir do sistema constitucional de competências
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas)
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A presente dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a competência constitucional dos
municípios brasileiros nas políticas públicas para a transição energética, e busca, de
maneira geral, compreender a interação das disposições constitucionais de divisão de
competência previstas na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988
(CF/1988) com a participação (ou não) dos municípios brasileiros no campo das
políticas públicas para transição energética. Já de maneira específica, objetiva revisar
a bibliografia especializada sobre os perfis de transição energética no marco do
desenvolvimento sustentável, categorizar quais competências constitucionais
federativas se relacionam com transição energética, analisar o papel dos municípios
nas disposições constitucionais, em diálogo com o parâmetro internacional para
agendas de desenvolvimento sustentável, e sistematizar os resultados obtidos em
uma cartilha para tomadores de decisão das municipalidades, de forma a corroborar
com a conformação de políticas públicas para transição energética bem ancoradas no
plexo legislativo atual. A metodologia escolhida foi a Análise de Conteúdo e
procedimento utilizado é o bibliográfico-documental, agregando análise de artigos
científicos nacionais e internacionais sobre transição energética, legislação nacional
e internacional e de dados coletados e tratados pela plataforma do Sistema de
Estimativas de Emissões e Remoções de Gases de Efeito Estufa (SEEG), do
Observatório do Clima. A hipótese era a de que a base normativo-constitucional
brasileira não possibilita aos municípios participação efetiva nas políticas públicas
para transição energética, especialmente no que tange municípios de menor porte e
perfil econômico ligado ao setor rural, fato que foi corroborado pelos resultados.
This dissertation focuses on the constitutional competence of Brazilian municipalities in public policies for energy transition. Its general objective is to understand the interaction between the constitutional provisions for the division of competences, as established in the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CF/1988), and the participation (or lack thereof) of Brazilian municipalities in the field of public policies for energy transition. Specifically, the study aims to review the specialized literature on energy transition profiles within the framework of sustainable development, categorize which federative constitutional competences are related to energy transition, analyze the role of municipalities within constitutional provisions, in dialogue with international parameters for sustainable development agendas, and systematize the results in a booklet for decision-makers in municipalities, in order to support the development of public policies for energy transition that are well grounded in the current legislative framework. The chosen methodology is Content Analysis, and the procedure employed is bibliographic-documentary, incorporating analysis of national and international scientific articles on energy transition, national and international legislation, and data collected and processed by the platform of the System for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals (SEEG) from the Climate Observatory. The hypothesis was that the Brazilian normative-constitutional framework does not enable municipalities to participate effectively in public policies for energy transition, especially those municipalities with smaller size and an economic profile linked to the rural sector, a fact that was confirmed by the results.
This dissertation focuses on the constitutional competence of Brazilian municipalities in public policies for energy transition. Its general objective is to understand the interaction between the constitutional provisions for the division of competences, as established in the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil (CF/1988), and the participation (or lack thereof) of Brazilian municipalities in the field of public policies for energy transition. Specifically, the study aims to review the specialized literature on energy transition profiles within the framework of sustainable development, categorize which federative constitutional competences are related to energy transition, analyze the role of municipalities within constitutional provisions, in dialogue with international parameters for sustainable development agendas, and systematize the results in a booklet for decision-makers in municipalities, in order to support the development of public policies for energy transition that are well grounded in the current legislative framework. The chosen methodology is Content Analysis, and the procedure employed is bibliographic-documentary, incorporating analysis of national and international scientific articles on energy transition, national and international legislation, and data collected and processed by the platform of the System for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals (SEEG) from the Climate Observatory. The hypothesis was that the Brazilian normative-constitutional framework does not enable municipalities to participate effectively in public policies for energy transition, especially those municipalities with smaller size and an economic profile linked to the rural sector, a fact that was confirmed by the results.