Contribuições da cooperação internacional em direitos humanos para a reabilitação de filhos separados torturados durante a política de profilaxia da hanseníase no Brasil do século XX
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas)
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A presente pesquisa pretendeu responder às seguintes questões: É possível afirmar, a partir do estudo de documentos sobre hanseníase, tortura, deficiência e outras vulnerabilidades produzidos por organismos especializados do Sistema Global e Interamericano de direitos humanos, a existência de uma agenda internacional que possa contribuir para projetos de reabilitação de crianças separadas de pais com hanseníase vítimas de tortura durante a política de profilaxia da hanseníase vigente no Brasil do século XX? Em caso positivo, o que tem sido feito no Brasil para viabilizar a implementação dessa agenda em nível nacional e como as experiências nacionais podem fornecer elementos para o fortalecimento das agendas internacionais? Para responder tais perguntas, traçou-se um percurso metodológico que incluiu revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. Como objetivo geral, visou-se estudar e sistematizar possíveis contribuições da cooperação internacional em direitos humanos para os projetos de reparação integral aos filhos separados vítimas da política de hanseníase que vigorou no Brasil do século XX, tendo em vista ainda os avanços já alcançados na jurisdição interna. Especificamente, objetivou-se encontrar diretrizes no espaço público transnacional resultantes de esforços conjuntos de Estados, organismos internacionais e organizações da sociedade civil para orientar as diversas frentes de luta pelo direito à reparação integral que os filhos de atingidos pela hanseníase criaram no Brasil. A hipótese é de que essas pautas têm o poder de contribuir para a reparação integral das pessoas afetadas pela doença e dos filhos separados durante o tempo de isolamento compulsório e também na atualidade, bem como que, ainda que a passos lentos, o Brasil tem dialogado com as referidas agendas. Ao final, foi possível observar que os documentos internacionais sistematizados possuem o condão de oferecer contribuições à construção de uma política de reparação integral internamente aos filhos separados de pais com hanseníase que foram torturados durante a política de profilaxia da hanseníase no Brasil do século XX.
This research aimed to answer the following questions: Is it possible to affirm, from the study of documents on leprosy, torture, disability and other vulnerabilities produced by specialized bodies in the global and inter-American human rights System, the existence of an international agenda that can contribute to rehabilitation projects for children separated from parents with leprosy who were victims of torture during the leprosy prophylaxis policy in force in 20th century Brazil? If so, what has been done in Brazil to enable the implementation of this agenda at national level and how can national experiences provide elements to strengthen international agendas? To answer these questions, a methodological approach was drawn up that included a literature review and an empirical basis based on document analysis. The general objective was to study and systematize the possible contributions of international cooperation in human rights to projects for full reparations for separated children who were victims of the leprosy policy that was in force in 20th century Brazil, taking into account the progress already made in domestic jurisdiction. Specifically, the aim was to find guidelines in the transnational public space resulting from the joint efforts of states, international organizations and civil society organizations to guide the various fronts of struggle for the right to full reparation that the children of former leprosy victims have created in Brazil. The hypothesis is that these agendas have the power to contribute to full reparation for people affected by the disease and their children who were separated during the time of compulsory isolation and also today, and that, albeit at a slow pace, Brazil has been dialoguing with these agendas. In conclusion, it was observed that the systematized international documents have the potential to contribute to the development of a comprehensive reparation policy for children separated from parents with leprosy who were tortured during the leprosy prophylaxis policy in Brazil in the 20th century.
This research aimed to answer the following questions: Is it possible to affirm, from the study of documents on leprosy, torture, disability and other vulnerabilities produced by specialized bodies in the global and inter-American human rights System, the existence of an international agenda that can contribute to rehabilitation projects for children separated from parents with leprosy who were victims of torture during the leprosy prophylaxis policy in force in 20th century Brazil? If so, what has been done in Brazil to enable the implementation of this agenda at national level and how can national experiences provide elements to strengthen international agendas? To answer these questions, a methodological approach was drawn up that included a literature review and an empirical basis based on document analysis. The general objective was to study and systematize the possible contributions of international cooperation in human rights to projects for full reparations for separated children who were victims of the leprosy policy that was in force in 20th century Brazil, taking into account the progress already made in domestic jurisdiction. Specifically, the aim was to find guidelines in the transnational public space resulting from the joint efforts of states, international organizations and civil society organizations to guide the various fronts of struggle for the right to full reparation that the children of former leprosy victims have created in Brazil. The hypothesis is that these agendas have the power to contribute to full reparation for people affected by the disease and their children who were separated during the time of compulsory isolation and also today, and that, albeit at a slow pace, Brazil has been dialoguing with these agendas. In conclusion, it was observed that the systematized international documents have the potential to contribute to the development of a comprehensive reparation policy for children separated from parents with leprosy who were tortured during the leprosy prophylaxis policy in Brazil in the 20th century.
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